原子光谱与原子结构 G.赫兹堡 p52仲氦的能级图为具体标注得到在模长和幅角可自由变化的极坐标平面上3点结构有3个设一个状态只能对应一个运动约束并假设00|00是基态。A12B21**让1点相对核固定则00|00就是在A和B两状态之间变换让1到核的距离为波尔半径1到2的距离也是1个波尔半径则得到现在让点2绕点1运动按照运动约束和角动量量子化条件点2的速度和距离1的半径为这里设2距核的距离为则得到代入氦的能级为-2.904Hartree2.904-2.123069*27.221.24ev这个值与584.4A谱线对应的跃迁能级21.2ev很接近。如果代入n3得到2.904-2.055384*27.223.08ev与图中能级一致。用这个方法把n算到100nHartreeevHartree2-2.12306946921.241310440.1253-2.05538448423.082342040.0555555564-2.03121950523.739629470.031255-2.01999200224.045017530.026-2.0138862124.211095090.0138888897-2.01020301924.311277880.0102040828-2.00781202324.376312970.00781259-2.00617260424.420905160.0061728410-2.00499987524.45280340.00511-2.00413216124.476405220.00413223112-2.0034721824.494356690.00347222213-2.00295855424.508327330.0029585814-2.00255100424.51941270.0025510215-2.00222221124.528355850.00222222220-2.00124999824.554800050.0012530-2.00055555524.573688895.56E-0440-2.000312524.58033.13E-0450-2.000224.583362.00E-0460-2.00013888924.585022221.39E-0470-2.00010204124.586024491.02E-0480-2.00007812524.5866757.81E-0590-2.00006172824.587120996.17E-05100-2.0000524.587445.00E-05比较前4组值计算观测nevev221.2413104421.2323.0823420423.08423.7396294723.74524.0450175324.07计算值和观测值很一致用这个办法计算得到的第一电离能为24.587ev