第一阶段核心零件识别训练先快速热脑识别构成长难句的“核心零件”。练习标出下列句子中的从句和非谓语结构并说出其类型。The bookwritten by the young author,who just graduated from college, became an instant bestseller.To fully understand the theory, you need to read the original paperpublished in 1995.What surprised me mostwasthat he managed to finish the task without any help.(答案与解析written by the young author过去分词短语作定语修饰book。who just graduated from college非限制性定语从句修饰author。To fully understand the theory不定式短语作目的状语。published in 1995过去分词短语作定语修饰paper。What surprised me most名词性从句主语从句。that he managed to finish the task without any help名词性从句表语从句。)第二阶段经典长难句拆解五步法遇到任何长难句按这五步走找主干抛开所有修饰找到“主谓宾”核心。识修饰识别所有从句、非谓语、介词短语等修饰成分。定关系确定每个修饰成分修饰哪个词就近原则、逻辑主语。明逻辑根据连词and, but, because, although等确定各部分逻辑关系。整句译按中文习惯整合翻译。让我们用这个方法解剖几个经典句子。例句1嵌套定语从句The entrepreneurwho started the company that revolutionized the industrygave a speech at the conferencewhich was held in Beijing.拆解步骤找主干The entrepreneur gave a speech.企业家发表了演讲。识修饰who started the company定语从句修饰entrepreneur。that revolutionized the industry定语从句修饰company嵌套在第一个定语从句中。which was held in Beijing定语从句修饰conference。定关系who从句修饰主语entrepreneurthat从句修饰companywhich从句修饰conference。明逻辑全句是简单的主干加三层修饰无复杂逻辑连词。整句译那位创办了革新了整个行业的公司的企业家在北京举行的会议上发表了演讲。例句2非谓语状语 宾语从句Having been warned about the potential risks, the board insistedthat the project (should) proceed as planned.拆解步骤找主干The board insisted...董事会坚持...识修饰Having been warned about the potential risks现在分词完成式的被动语态作原因状语。that the project (should) proceed as planned宾语从句作insisted的宾语虚拟语气。定关系分词短语的逻辑主语是主句主语the board董事会被警告。that从句是insisted的内容。明逻辑Having been warned...表示原因“尽管被警告了但还是坚持...”。整句译尽管已被警告了潜在风险董事会仍坚持项目应按计划进行。例句3主语从句 插入语 非谓语定语What we often overlook,however, is the immense effortrequired to achieve such seemingly simple results.拆解步骤找主干... is the immense effort....是巨大的努力。识修饰What we often overlook名词性从句主语从句。however插入语表转折。required to achieve such seemingly simple results过去分词短语作定语修饰effort。定关系主语从句是整个句子的主语。分词短语修饰effort。明逻辑however插入表示与通常认知的转折。整句译然而我们常常忽略的是为取得那些看似简单的成果所需付出的巨大努力。第三阶段复合型长难句实战你的挑战现在请你用“五步法”亲自拆解下面这个更复杂的句子。不要怕我们一步一步来。目标长难句Although it is widely accepted that regular exercise,which improves cardiovascular function, is crucial for health, many people,faced with the demands of modern life, find it difficultto incorporate it into their daily routines.我来引导你来思考找主干抛开Although...和所有逗号隔开的部分句子的核心主谓宾是什么提示找主句的主语和谓语动词。主语是谓语动词是识修饰Although it is widely accepted that...这是什么从句which improves cardiovascular function这是什么从句修饰谁faced with the demands of modern life这是什么结构修饰谁to incorporate it into their daily routines这是什么结构作什么成分定关系 明逻辑Although引导的让步从句和主句是什么关系主句中分词短语faced with...和主语many people是什么关系尝试整句译。请先你自己尝试分析写出你的答案然后我们再对照下面的解析。【答案解析与翻译】句子Although it is widely accepted that regular exercise,which improves cardiovascular function, is crucial for health, many people,faced with the demands of modern life, find it difficultto incorporate it into their daily routines.拆解分析找主干many people find it difficult.许多人发现这很困难。识修饰Although it is widely accepted that...让步状语从句。在这个从句中that regular exercise is crucial for health是主语从句作is accepted的主语it是形式主语。which improves cardiovascular function非限制性定语从句修饰regular exercise。faced with the demands of modern life过去分词短语作原因状语修饰主句主语many people表“由于面临...”。to incorporate it into their daily routines不定式短语作真正的宾语it是形式宾语。定关系与逻辑整个Although从句与主句构成让步关系“虽然A但是B”。分词短语faced with...说明主句主语many people所处的状态或原因。不定式to incorporate...是find的内容即“发现‘坚持锻炼’这件事很难”。整句翻译尽管人们普遍认为能改善心血管功能的定期锻炼对健康至关重要但面对现代生活的诸多要求许多人发现很难将其融入日常生活。