Three.js 冰面教程

冰面 ·Ice Floor· ▶ 在线运行案例案例合集三维可视化功能案例threehub.cn开源仓库github地址https://github.com/z2586300277/three-cesium-examples400个案例代码:网盘链接你将学到什么ShaderMaterial 自定义着色器实现核心视觉效果OrbitControls 相机轨道交互requestAnimationFrame渲染循环与resize自适应效果说明本案例演示冰面效果基于 WebGL 实现「冰面」可视化效果附完整可运行源码核心用到 ShaderMaterial、OrbitControls。建议先打开文首在线案例查看动态画面再对照下方源码逐步理解。核心概念Scene / Camera / WebGLRenderer构成最小渲染闭环大场景可开logarithmicDepthBuffer缓解 Z-fighting。ShaderMaterial通过uniforms 自定义 GLSL 控制逐像素/逐点效果透明粒子常配合depthTest: false。OrbitControls提供轨道旋转/缩放开启enableDamping后需在 animate 中controls.update()。实现步骤搭建 Scene、PerspectiveCamera、WebGLRenderer挂载 canvas 并处理resize定义 uniforms / onBeforeCompile 或 ShaderMaterial编写 GLSL 与材质参数创建 OrbitControls及 Raycaster 等交互控件若源码包含在requestAnimationFrame循环中更新状态并 renderCesium 为viewer.render或自动渲染代码要点import * as THREE from threeimport { OrbitControls } from three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.jsconst box document.getElementById(box)const scene new THREE.Scene()const camera new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75, box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight, 0.1, 100000)camera.position.set(5, 5, 5)const renderer new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, alpha: true, logarithmicDepthBuffer: true })renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight)box.appendChild(renderer.domElement)const controls new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement) controls.enableDamping true// https://github.com/rock-biter/ice-trails const textureLoader new THREE.TextureLoader() const crackMap textureLoader.load(FILE_HOST images/shader/cracks.png) crackMap.wrapS THREE.RepeatWrapping crackMap.wrapT THREE.RepeatWrapping const perlinMap textureLoader.load(FILE_HOST images/shader/smokeMap.png) perlinMap.wrapS THREE.RepeatWrapping perlinMap.wrapT THREE.RepeatWrapping const groundMaterial new THREE.ShaderMaterial({ vertexShader:uniform float uParallaxDistance;varying vec2 vParallax; varying vec2 vUv;void main() {vUv uv;vec3 pos position; vec4 wPos modelMatrix * vec4(pos, 1.0);mat3 tbn mat3(vec3(1.,0,0), vec3(0,0.,-1.), vec3(0.,1.,0.)); tbn transpose(tbn);vec3 viewDir normalize(wPos.xyz - cameraPosition); vec3 tbnViewDir tbn * viewDir;vParallax tbnViewDir.xy; vParallax * uParallaxDistance / dot(-tbnViewDir, vec3(0.0,0.0,1.0));gl_Position projectionMatrixviewMatrixwPos;}, fragmentShader:uniform sampler2D uCracksMap; uniform sampler2D uTrailMap; uniform sampler2D uPerlin;varying vec2 vParallax; varying vec2 vUv;void main() {float perlin texture(uPerlin, vUv).r; float perlin2 texture(uPerlin, vUv * 10.).r; vec3 trail texture(uTrailMap, vUv).rgb; float cracks texture(uCracksMap, vUv * 4.).r; float nomalization 1.0;vec3 colorBlue vec3(0.0,0.2,0.25); vec3 colorDeepBlue vec3(0.0,0.01,0.03); vec3 colorGreen vec3(0.1,0.2,0.35);float accumulateFrosted 0.;for (int i 0; i 50; i) { float aplitude float(70 - i) / 1.; vec2 uv vUv4. vParallax0.002 * float(i 1);float currCrack (1. - texture(uCracksMap, uv ).r) * aplitude;float currTrail texture(uTrailMap, vUv vParallax0.0025float(i 1)).r;currCrack currCrack * step(0.7, 1. - pow(currTrail,0.7));cracks currCrack; nomalization aplitude;accumulateFrosted currTrail * aplitude; } cracks / nomalization; accumulateFrosted / nomalization; cracks pow(1. - texture(uCracksMap, vUv4.).r, 3.)3. * step(0.92, 1. - pow(trail.r,0.6)); vec3 cracksParallax texture(uCracksMap, vUv2. vParallax0.1).rgb; // color 1. - cracks; // color 1.0 - cracksParallax;vec3 frosted colorBlue3. perlin0.6 perlin2 * 0.6; vec3 cracksColor mix(colorBlue, colorGreen, pow(cracks,1.) * 1.); cracksColor pow(cracks,1.) * 2.; cracksColor perlin8. * colorBlue; cracksColor pow(cracks,1.) * 0.5; // cracksColor perlin24.;vec3 prxCracksColor mix(colorDeepBlue, colorBlue, pow(1. - cracksParallax.r,3.) * 10.); prxCracksColor * perlin; cracksColor mix(cracksColor, prxCracksColor, 0.3);// vec3 color mix(cracksColor, frosted, pow(trail.r,0.5)); // cracksColor mix(cracksColor, vec3(0.1,0.7,0.7), pow(accumulateFrosted,1.5)); vec3 deepColor mix(vec3(0.1,0.7,0.7),vec3(0., 0.3, 1.), 1. - pow(accumulateFrosted,1.5)); cracksColor mix(cracksColor, deepColor, pow(accumulateFrosted,1.5)); vec3 color mix(cracksColor, frosted, pow(trail.r,0.5) ); // color mix( color, colorBlue * frosted, pow(trail.r,3.));vec2 uv vUv - 0.5; uv * 2.0; color mix(color, vec3(0.0, 0.01, 0.02), smoothstep(0.2,1.,length(pow(abs(uv), vec2(1.)))));// 添加边缘透明度处理剔除边缘纯色部分 float edgeDistance length(uv); float alpha 1.0 - smoothstep(0.8, 1.0, edgeDistance);gl_FragColor vec4(color, alpha);#include #include }, transparent: true, side: THREE.DoubleSide, uniforms: { uTrailMap: new THREE.Uniform(), uCracksMap: new THREE.Uniform(crackMap), uPerlin: new THREE.Uniform(perlinMap), uParallaxDistance: new THREE.Uniform(1), }, })const groundGeometry new THREE.PlaneGeometry(15, 15) groundGeometry.rotateX(-Math.PI * 0.5) const ground new THREE.Mesh(groundGeometry, groundMaterial) scene.add(ground)animate()function animate() {controls.update() requestAnimationFrame(animate) renderer.render(scene, camera)}window.onresize () {renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight) camera.aspect box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight camera.updateProjectionMatrix()}完整源码GitHub小结本文提供冰面完整 Three.js 源码与在线 Demo建议先运行案例再改 uniform/参数做二次实验更多 Three.js 实战案例见 three-cesium-examples 合集 与 GitHub 开源仓库